"π" meaning in Ancient Greek

See π in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Character

Forms: p [romanization], Π [uppercase]
Etymology: Derived from its majuscule counterpart Π. Head templates: {{head|grc|letter|lowercase||uppercase|Π}} π • (p) (lowercase, uppercase Π)
  1. Lowercase pi (πεῖ), the 16th letter of the ancient Greek alphabet. It represented the voiceless unaspirated bilabial plosive /p/. It is preceded by ο and followed by ρ. Wikidata QID: Q168 Tags: letter, lowercase Derived forms: π΄, ͵π, п, П [Cyrillic], 𐍀 [Gothic], ⲡ, Ⲡ (Coptic), (english: mathematical symbol)
    Sense id: en-π-grc-character-grc:Q168 Categories (other): Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries Related terms (Greek-script letters): Α, α, Β, β, Γ, γ, Δ, δ, Ε, ε, Ζ, ζ, Η, η, Θ, θ, Ι, ι, Κ, κ, Λ, λ, Μ, μ, Ν, ν, Ξ, ξ, Ο, ο, Π, π, Ρ, ρ, Σ, σ, ς, Τ, τ, Υ, υ, Φ, φ, Χ, χ, Ψ, ψ, Ω, ω Related terms (diacritics): ᾿ ῾ ◌́ ◌̀ ῀ ¨ Related terms (non-Classical letters): Ϝ, W, ϝ, w, Ͷ, ͷ, Ͱ, ͱ, h, Ϻ, ϻ, s, Ϟ, ϟ, Ϙ, Q, ϙ, q, Ͳ, ͳ Related terms (punctuation): · ⸳
{
  "etymology_text": "Derived from its majuscule counterpart Π.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "p",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Π",
      "tags": [
        "uppercase"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "letter",
        "3": "lowercase",
        "4": "",
        "5": "uppercase",
        "6": "Π"
      },
      "expansion": "π • (p) (lowercase, uppercase Π)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "π΄"
        },
        {
          "word": "͵π"
        },
        {
          "word": "п"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic"
          ],
          "word": "П"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Gothic"
          ],
          "word": "𐍀"
        },
        {
          "word": "ⲡ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "Coptic",
          "word": "Ⲡ"
        },
        {
          "english": "mathematical symbol",
          "translation": "mathematical symbol",
          "word": "∏"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Lowercase pi (πεῖ), the 16th letter of the ancient Greek alphabet. It represented the voiceless unaspirated bilabial plosive /p/. It is preceded by ο and followed by ρ."
      ],
      "id": "en-π-grc-character-grc:Q168",
      "links": [
        [
          "πεῖ",
          "πεῖ#Ancient_Greek"
        ],
        [
          "Greek alphabet",
          "Greek alphabet"
        ],
        [
          "voiceless",
          "voiceless"
        ],
        [
          "unaspirated",
          "unaspirated"
        ],
        [
          "ο",
          "ο"
        ],
        [
          "ρ",
          "ρ"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "Α"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "α"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "Β"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "β"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "Γ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "γ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "Δ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "δ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "Ε"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "ε"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "Ζ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "ζ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "Η"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "η"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "Θ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "θ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "Ι"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "ι"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "Κ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "κ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "Λ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "λ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "Μ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "μ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "Ν"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "ν"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "Ξ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "ξ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "Ο"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "ο"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "Π"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "π"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "Ρ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "ρ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "Σ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "σ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "ς"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "Τ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "τ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "Υ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "υ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "Φ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "φ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "Χ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "χ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "Ψ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "ψ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "Ω"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
          "sense": "Greek-script letters",
          "word": "ω"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
          "sense": "non-Classical letters",
          "word": "Ϝ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
          "sense": "non-Classical letters",
          "word": "W"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
          "sense": "non-Classical letters",
          "word": "ϝ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
          "sense": "non-Classical letters",
          "word": "w"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
          "sense": "non-Classical letters",
          "word": "Ͷ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
          "sense": "non-Classical letters",
          "word": "ͷ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
          "sense": "non-Classical letters",
          "word": "Ͱ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
          "sense": "non-Classical letters",
          "word": "ͱ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
          "sense": "non-Classical letters",
          "word": "h"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
          "sense": "non-Classical letters",
          "word": "Ϻ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
          "sense": "non-Classical letters",
          "word": "ϻ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
          "sense": "non-Classical letters",
          "word": "s"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
          "sense": "non-Classical letters",
          "word": "Ϟ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
          "sense": "non-Classical letters",
          "word": "ϟ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
          "sense": "non-Classical letters",
          "word": "Ϙ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
          "sense": "non-Classical letters",
          "word": "Q"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
          "sense": "non-Classical letters",
          "word": "ϙ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
          "sense": "non-Classical letters",
          "word": "q"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
          "sense": "non-Classical letters",
          "word": "Ͳ"
        },
        {
          "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
          "sense": "non-Classical letters",
          "word": "ͳ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "punctuation",
          "word": "· ⸳ "
        },
        {
          "sense": "diacritics",
          "word": "᾿ ῾ ◌́ ◌̀ ῀ ¨"
        }
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "grc:Q168"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "letter",
        "lowercase"
      ],
      "wikidata": [
        "Q168"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "π"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "π΄"
    },
    {
      "word": "͵π"
    },
    {
      "word": "п"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "word": "П"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gothic"
      ],
      "word": "𐍀"
    },
    {
      "word": "ⲡ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Coptic",
      "word": "Ⲡ"
    },
    {
      "english": "mathematical symbol",
      "translation": "mathematical symbol",
      "word": "∏"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Derived from its majuscule counterpart Π.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "p",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Π",
      "tags": [
        "uppercase"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "letter",
        "3": "lowercase",
        "4": "",
        "5": "uppercase",
        "6": "Π"
      },
      "expansion": "π • (p) (lowercase, uppercase Π)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "character",
  "related": [
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "Α"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "α"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "Β"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "β"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "Γ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "γ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "Δ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "δ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "Ε"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "ε"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "Ζ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "ζ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "Η"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "η"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "Θ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "θ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "Ι"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "ι"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "Κ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "κ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "Λ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "λ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "Μ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "μ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "Ν"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "ν"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "Ξ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "ξ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "Ο"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "ο"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "Π"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "π"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "Ρ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "ρ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "Σ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "σ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "ς"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "Τ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "τ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "Υ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "υ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "Φ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "φ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "Χ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "χ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "Ψ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "ψ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "Ω"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Greek-script letters",
      "sense": "Greek-script letters",
      "word": "ω"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
      "sense": "non-Classical letters",
      "word": "Ϝ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
      "sense": "non-Classical letters",
      "word": "W"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
      "sense": "non-Classical letters",
      "word": "ϝ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
      "sense": "non-Classical letters",
      "word": "w"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
      "sense": "non-Classical letters",
      "word": "Ͷ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
      "sense": "non-Classical letters",
      "word": "ͷ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
      "sense": "non-Classical letters",
      "word": "Ͱ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
      "sense": "non-Classical letters",
      "word": "ͱ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
      "sense": "non-Classical letters",
      "word": "h"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
      "sense": "non-Classical letters",
      "word": "Ϻ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
      "sense": "non-Classical letters",
      "word": "ϻ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
      "sense": "non-Classical letters",
      "word": "s"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
      "sense": "non-Classical letters",
      "word": "Ϟ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
      "sense": "non-Classical letters",
      "word": "ϟ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
      "sense": "non-Classical letters",
      "word": "Ϙ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
      "sense": "non-Classical letters",
      "word": "Q"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
      "sense": "non-Classical letters",
      "word": "ϙ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
      "sense": "non-Classical letters",
      "word": "q"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
      "sense": "non-Classical letters",
      "word": "Ͳ"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "non-Classical letters",
      "sense": "non-Classical letters",
      "word": "ͳ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "punctuation",
      "word": "· ⸳ "
    },
    {
      "sense": "diacritics",
      "word": "᾿ ῾ ◌́ ◌̀ ῀ ¨"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
        "Ancient Greek lemmas",
        "Ancient Greek letters",
        "Pages with 3 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Lowercase pi (πεῖ), the 16th letter of the ancient Greek alphabet. It represented the voiceless unaspirated bilabial plosive /p/. It is preceded by ο and followed by ρ."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "πεῖ",
          "πεῖ#Ancient_Greek"
        ],
        [
          "Greek alphabet",
          "Greek alphabet"
        ],
        [
          "voiceless",
          "voiceless"
        ],
        [
          "unaspirated",
          "unaspirated"
        ],
        [
          "ο",
          "ο"
        ],
        [
          "ρ",
          "ρ"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "grc:Q168"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "letter",
        "lowercase"
      ],
      "wikidata": [
        "Q168"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "π"
}

Download raw JSONL data for π meaning in Ancient Greek (7.2kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.